Actual source code: ex21.c

petsc-3.8.4 2018-03-24
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  2: static char help[] ="Solves a time-dependent nonlinear PDE with lower and upper bounds on the interior grid points. Uses implicit\n\
  3: timestepping.  Runtime options include:\n\
  4:   -M <xg>, where <xg> = number of grid points\n\
  5:   -debug : Activate debugging printouts\n\
  6:   -nox   : Deactivate x-window graphics\n\
  7:   -ul   : lower bound\n\
  8:   -uh  : upper bound\n\n";

 10: /*
 11:    Concepts: TS^time-dependent nonlinear problems
 12:    Concepts: TS^Variational inequality nonlinear solver
 13:    Processors: n
 14: */

 16: /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 18:    This is a variation of ex2.c to solve the PDE

 20:                u * u_xx
 21:          u_t = ---------
 22:                2*(t+1)^2

 24:     with box constraints on the interior grid points
 25:     ul <= u(t,x) <= uh with x != 0,1
 26:     on the domain 0 <= x <= 1, with boundary conditions
 27:          u(t,0) = t + 1,  u(t,1) = 2*t + 2,
 28:     and initial condition
 29:          u(0,x) = 1 + x*x.

 31:     The exact solution is:
 32:          u(t,x) = (1 + x*x) * (1 + t)

 34:     We use by default the backward Euler method.

 36:   ------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

 38: /*
 39:    Include "petscts.h" to use the PETSc timestepping routines. Note that
 40:    this file automatically includes "petscsys.h" and other lower-level
 41:    PETSc include files.

 43:    Include the "petscdmda.h" to allow us to use the distributed array data
 44:    structures to manage the parallel grid.
 45: */
 46:  #include <petscts.h>
 47:  #include <petscdm.h>
 48:  #include <petscdmda.h>
 49:  #include <petscdraw.h>

 51: /*
 52:    User-defined application context - contains data needed by the
 53:    application-provided callback routines.
 54: */
 55: typedef struct {
 56:   MPI_Comm  comm;           /* communicator */
 57:   DM        da;             /* distributed array data structure */
 58:   Vec       localwork;      /* local ghosted work vector */
 59:   Vec       u_local;        /* local ghosted approximate solution vector */
 60:   Vec       solution;       /* global exact solution vector */
 61:   PetscInt  m;              /* total number of grid points */
 62:   PetscReal h;              /* mesh width: h = 1/(m-1) */
 63:   PetscBool debug;          /* flag (1 indicates activation of debugging printouts) */
 64: } AppCtx;

 66: /*
 67:    User-defined routines, provided below.
 68: */
 69: extern PetscErrorCode InitialConditions(Vec,AppCtx*);
 70: extern PetscErrorCode RHSFunction(TS,PetscReal,Vec,Vec,void*);
 71: extern PetscErrorCode RHSJacobian(TS,PetscReal,Vec,Mat,Mat,void*);
 72: extern PetscErrorCode Monitor(TS,PetscInt,PetscReal,Vec,void*);
 73: extern PetscErrorCode ExactSolution(PetscReal,Vec,AppCtx*);
 74: extern PetscErrorCode SetBounds(Vec,Vec,PetscScalar,PetscScalar,AppCtx*);

 76: int main(int argc,char **argv)
 77: {
 78:   AppCtx         appctx;                 /* user-defined application context */
 79:   TS             ts;                     /* timestepping context */
 80:   Mat            A;                      /* Jacobian matrix data structure */
 81:   Vec            u;                      /* approximate solution vector */
 82:   Vec            r;                      /* residual vector */
 83:   PetscInt       time_steps_max = 1000;  /* default max timesteps */
 85:   PetscReal      dt;
 86:   PetscReal      time_total_max = 100.0; /* default max total time */
 87:   Vec            xl,xu; /* Lower and upper bounds on variables */
 88:   PetscScalar    ul=0.0,uh = 3.0;
 89:   PetscBool      mymonitor;
 90:   PetscReal      bounds[] = {1.0, 3.3};

 92:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 93:      Initialize program and set problem parameters
 94:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

 96:   PetscInitialize(&argc,&argv,(char*)0,help);if (ierr) return ierr;
 97:   PetscViewerDrawSetBounds(PETSC_VIEWER_DRAW_(PETSC_COMM_WORLD),1,bounds);

 99:   appctx.comm = PETSC_COMM_WORLD;
100:   appctx.m    = 60;
101:   PetscOptionsGetInt(NULL,NULL,"-M",&appctx.m,NULL);
102:   PetscOptionsGetScalar(NULL,NULL,"-ul",&ul,NULL);
103:   PetscOptionsGetScalar(NULL,NULL,"-uh",&uh,NULL);
104:   PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-debug",&appctx.debug);
105:   PetscOptionsHasName(NULL,NULL,"-mymonitor",&mymonitor);
106:   appctx.h    = 1.0/(appctx.m-1.0);

108:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
109:      Create vector data structures
110:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

112:   /*
113:      Create distributed array (DMDA) to manage parallel grid and vectors
114:      and to set up the ghost point communication pattern.  There are M
115:      total grid values spread equally among all the processors.
116:   */
117:   DMDACreate1d(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,DM_BOUNDARY_NONE,appctx.m,1,1,NULL,&appctx.da);
118:   DMSetFromOptions(appctx.da);
119:   DMSetUp(appctx.da);

121:   /*
122:      Extract global and local vectors from DMDA; we use these to store the
123:      approximate solution.  Then duplicate these for remaining vectors that
124:      have the same types.
125:   */
126:   DMCreateGlobalVector(appctx.da,&u);
127:   DMCreateLocalVector(appctx.da,&appctx.u_local);

129:   /*
130:      Create local work vector for use in evaluating right-hand-side function;
131:      create global work vector for storing exact solution.
132:   */
133:   VecDuplicate(appctx.u_local,&appctx.localwork);
134:   VecDuplicate(u,&appctx.solution);

136:   /* Create residual vector */
137:   VecDuplicate(u,&r);
138:   /* Create lower and upper bound vectors */
139:   VecDuplicate(u,&xl);
140:   VecDuplicate(u,&xu);
141:   SetBounds(xl,xu,ul,uh,&appctx);

143:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
144:      Create timestepping solver context; set callback routine for
145:      right-hand-side function evaluation.
146:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

148:   TSCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&ts);
149:   TSSetProblemType(ts,TS_NONLINEAR);
150:   TSSetRHSFunction(ts,r,RHSFunction,&appctx);

152:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
153:      Set optional user-defined monitoring routine
154:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

156:   if (mymonitor) {
157:     TSMonitorSet(ts,Monitor,&appctx,NULL);
158:   }

160:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
161:      For nonlinear problems, the user can provide a Jacobian evaluation
162:      routine (or use a finite differencing approximation).

164:      Create matrix data structure; set Jacobian evaluation routine.
165:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

167:   MatCreate(PETSC_COMM_WORLD,&A);
168:   MatSetSizes(A,PETSC_DECIDE,PETSC_DECIDE,appctx.m,appctx.m);
169:   MatSetFromOptions(A);
170:   MatSetUp(A);
171:   TSSetRHSJacobian(ts,A,A,RHSJacobian,&appctx);

173:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
174:      Set solution vector and initial timestep
175:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

177:   dt   = appctx.h/2.0;
178:   TSSetTimeStep(ts,dt);

180:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
181:      Customize timestepping solver:
182:        - Set the solution method to be the Backward Euler method.
183:        - Set timestepping duration info
184:      Then set runtime options, which can override these defaults.
185:      For example,
186:           -ts_max_steps <maxsteps> -ts_final_time <maxtime>
187:      to override the defaults set by TSSetMaxSteps()/TSSetMaxTime().
188:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

190:   TSSetType(ts,TSBEULER);
191:   TSSetMaxSteps(ts,time_steps_max);
192:   TSSetMaxTime(ts,time_total_max);
193:   TSSetExactFinalTime(ts,TS_EXACTFINALTIME_STEPOVER);
194:   /* Set lower and upper bound on the solution vector for each time step */
195:   TSVISetVariableBounds(ts,xl,xu);
196:   TSSetFromOptions(ts);

198:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
199:      Solve the problem
200:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

202:   /*
203:      Evaluate initial conditions
204:   */
205:   InitialConditions(u,&appctx);

207:   /*
208:      Run the timestepping solver
209:   */
210:   TSSolve(ts,u);

212:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
213:      Free work space.  All PETSc objects should be destroyed when they
214:      are no longer needed.
215:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

217:   VecDestroy(&r);
218:   VecDestroy(&xl);
219:   VecDestroy(&xu);
220:   TSDestroy(&ts);
221:   VecDestroy(&u);
222:   MatDestroy(&A);
223:   DMDestroy(&appctx.da);
224:   VecDestroy(&appctx.localwork);
225:   VecDestroy(&appctx.solution);
226:   VecDestroy(&appctx.u_local);

228:   /*
229:      Always call PetscFinalize() before exiting a program.  This routine
230:        - finalizes the PETSc libraries as well as MPI
231:        - provides summary and diagnostic information if certain runtime
232:          options are chosen (e.g., -log_view).
233:   */
234:   PetscFinalize();
235:   return ierr;
236: }
237: /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
238: /*
239:    InitialConditions - Computes the solution at the initial time.

241:    Input Parameters:
242:    u - uninitialized solution vector (global)
243:    appctx - user-defined application context

245:    Output Parameter:
246:    u - vector with solution at initial time (global)
247: */
248: PetscErrorCode InitialConditions(Vec u,AppCtx *appctx)
249: {
250:   PetscScalar    *u_localptr,h = appctx->h,x;
251:   PetscInt       i,mybase,myend;

254:   /*
255:      Determine starting point of each processor's range of
256:      grid values.
257:   */
258:   VecGetOwnershipRange(u,&mybase,&myend);

260:   /*
261:     Get a pointer to vector data.
262:     - For default PETSc vectors, VecGetArray() returns a pointer to
263:       the data array.  Otherwise, the routine is implementation dependent.
264:     - You MUST call VecRestoreArray() when you no longer need access to
265:       the array.
266:     - Note that the Fortran interface to VecGetArray() differs from the
267:       C version.  See the users manual for details.
268:   */
269:   VecGetArray(u,&u_localptr);

271:   /*
272:      We initialize the solution array by simply writing the solution
273:      directly into the array locations.  Alternatively, we could use
274:      VecSetValues() or VecSetValuesLocal().
275:   */
276:   for (i=mybase; i<myend; i++) {
277:     x = h*(PetscReal)i; /* current location in global grid */
278:     u_localptr[i-mybase] = 1.0 + x*x;
279:   }

281:   /*
282:      Restore vector
283:   */
284:   VecRestoreArray(u,&u_localptr);

286:   /*
287:      Print debugging information if desired
288:   */
289:   if (appctx->debug) {
290:      PetscPrintf(appctx->comm,"initial guess vector\n");
291:      VecView(u,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);
292:   }

294:   return 0;
295: }

297: /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
298: /*
299:   SetBounds - Sets the lower and uper bounds on the interior points

301:   Input parameters:
302:   xl - vector of lower bounds
303:   xu - vector of upper bounds
304:   ul - constant lower bound for all variables
305:   uh - constant upper bound for all variables
306:   appctx - Application context
307:  */
308: PetscErrorCode SetBounds(Vec xl, Vec xu, PetscScalar ul, PetscScalar uh,AppCtx *appctx)
309: {
310:   PetscErrorCode    ierr;
311:   const PetscScalar *l,*u;
312:   PetscMPIInt       rank,size;
313:   PetscInt          localsize;

316:   VecSet(xl,ul);
317:   VecSet(xu,uh);
318:   VecGetLocalSize(xl,&localsize);
319:   VecGetArrayRead(xl,&l);
320:   VecGetArrayRead(xu,&u);

322:   MPI_Comm_rank(appctx->comm,&rank);
323:   MPI_Comm_size(appctx->comm,&size);
324:   if (!rank) {
325:     l[0] = -PETSC_INFINITY;
326:     u[0] =  PETSC_INFINITY;
327:   }
328:   if (rank == size-1) {
329:     l[localsize-1] = -PETSC_INFINITY;
330:     u[localsize-1] = PETSC_INFINITY;
331:   }
332:   VecRestoreArrayRead(xl,&l);
333:   VecRestoreArrayRead(xu,&u);
334:   return(0);
335: }

337: /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
338: /*
339:    ExactSolution - Computes the exact solution at a given time.

341:    Input Parameters:
342:    t - current time
343:    solution - vector in which exact solution will be computed
344:    appctx - user-defined application context

346:    Output Parameter:
347:    solution - vector with the newly computed exact solution
348: */
349: PetscErrorCode ExactSolution(PetscReal t,Vec solution,AppCtx *appctx)
350: {
351:   PetscScalar    *s_localptr,h = appctx->h,x;
352:   PetscInt       i,mybase,myend;

355:   /*
356:      Determine starting and ending points of each processor's
357:      range of grid values
358:   */
359:   VecGetOwnershipRange(solution,&mybase,&myend);

361:   /*
362:      Get a pointer to vector data.
363:   */
364:   VecGetArray(solution,&s_localptr);

366:   /*
367:      Simply write the solution directly into the array locations.
368:      Alternatively, we could use VecSetValues() or VecSetValuesLocal().
369:   */
370:   for (i=mybase; i<myend; i++) {
371:     x = h*(PetscReal)i;
372:     s_localptr[i-mybase] = (t + 1.0)*(1.0 + x*x);
373:   }

375:   /*
376:      Restore vector
377:   */
378:   VecRestoreArray(solution,&s_localptr);
379:   return 0;
380: }
381: /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
382: /*
383:    Monitor - User-provided routine to monitor the solution computed at
384:    each timestep.  This example plots the solution and computes the
385:    error in two different norms.

387:    Input Parameters:
388:    ts     - the timestep context
389:    step   - the count of the current step (with 0 meaning the
390:             initial condition)
391:    time   - the current time
392:    u      - the solution at this timestep
393:    ctx    - the user-provided context for this monitoring routine.
394:             In this case we use the application context which contains
395:             information about the problem size, workspace and the exact
396:             solution.
397: */
398: PetscErrorCode Monitor(TS ts,PetscInt step,PetscReal time,Vec u,void *ctx)
399: {
400:   AppCtx         *appctx = (AppCtx*) ctx;   /* user-defined application context */
402:   PetscReal      en2,en2s,enmax;
403:   PetscDraw      draw;

405:   /*
406:      We use the default X windows viewer
407:              PETSC_VIEWER_DRAW_(appctx->comm)
408:      that is associated with the current communicator. This saves
409:      the effort of calling PetscViewerDrawOpen() to create the window.
410:      Note that if we wished to plot several items in separate windows we
411:      would create each viewer with PetscViewerDrawOpen() and store them in
412:      the application context, appctx.

414:      PetscReal buffering makes graphics look better.
415:   */
416:   PetscViewerDrawGetDraw(PETSC_VIEWER_DRAW_(appctx->comm),0,&draw);
417:   PetscDrawSetDoubleBuffer(draw);
418:   VecView(u,PETSC_VIEWER_DRAW_(appctx->comm));

420:   /*
421:      Compute the exact solution at this timestep
422:   */
423:   ExactSolution(time,appctx->solution,appctx);

425:   /*
426:      Print debugging information if desired
427:   */
428:   if (appctx->debug) {
429:     PetscPrintf(appctx->comm,"Computed solution vector\n");
430:     VecView(u,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);
431:     PetscPrintf(appctx->comm,"Exact solution vector\n");
432:     VecView(appctx->solution,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);
433:   }

435:   /*
436:      Compute the 2-norm and max-norm of the error
437:   */
438:   VecAXPY(appctx->solution,-1.0,u);
439:   VecNorm(appctx->solution,NORM_2,&en2);
440:   en2s = PetscSqrtReal(appctx->h)*en2;  /* scale the 2-norm by the grid spacing */
441:   VecNorm(appctx->solution,NORM_MAX,&enmax);

443:   /*
444:      PetscPrintf() causes only the first processor in this
445:      communicator to print the timestep information.
446:   */
447:   PetscPrintf(appctx->comm,"Timestep %D: time = %g,2-norm error = %g, max norm error = %g\n",step,(double)time,(double)en2s,(double)enmax);

449:   /*
450:      Print debugging information if desired
451:    */
452:   /*  if (appctx->debug) {
453:      PetscPrintf(appctx->comm,"Error vector\n");
454:      VecView(appctx->solution,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);
455:    } */
456:   return 0;
457: }
458: /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
459: /*
460:    RHSFunction - User-provided routine that evalues the right-hand-side
461:    function of the ODE.  This routine is set in the main program by
462:    calling TSSetRHSFunction().  We compute:
463:           global_out = F(global_in)

465:    Input Parameters:
466:    ts         - timesteping context
467:    t          - current time
468:    global_in  - vector containing the current iterate
469:    ctx        - (optional) user-provided context for function evaluation.
470:                 In this case we use the appctx defined above.

472:    Output Parameter:
473:    global_out - vector containing the newly evaluated function
474: */
475: PetscErrorCode RHSFunction(TS ts,PetscReal t,Vec global_in,Vec global_out,void *ctx)
476: {
477:   AppCtx            *appctx   = (AppCtx*) ctx;     /* user-defined application context */
478:   DM                da        = appctx->da;        /* distributed array */
479:   Vec               local_in  = appctx->u_local;   /* local ghosted input vector */
480:   Vec               localwork = appctx->localwork; /* local ghosted work vector */
481:   PetscErrorCode    ierr;
482:   PetscInt          i,localsize;
483:   PetscMPIInt       rank,size;
484:   PetscScalar       *copyptr,sc;
485:   const PetscScalar *localptr;

487:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
488:      Get ready for local function computations
489:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
490:   /*
491:      Scatter ghost points to local vector, using the 2-step process
492:         DMGlobalToLocalBegin(), DMGlobalToLocalEnd().
493:      By placing code between these two statements, computations can be
494:      done while messages are in transition.
495:   */
496:   DMGlobalToLocalBegin(da,global_in,INSERT_VALUES,local_in);
497:   DMGlobalToLocalEnd(da,global_in,INSERT_VALUES,local_in);

499:   /*
500:       Access directly the values in our local INPUT work array
501:   */
502:   VecGetArrayRead(local_in,&localptr);

504:   /*
505:       Access directly the values in our local OUTPUT work array
506:   */
507:   VecGetArray(localwork,&copyptr);

509:   sc = 1.0/(appctx->h*appctx->h*2.0*(1.0+t)*(1.0+t));

511:   /*
512:       Evaluate our function on the nodes owned by this processor
513:   */
514:   VecGetLocalSize(local_in,&localsize);

516:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
517:      Compute entries for the locally owned part
518:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

520:   /*
521:      Handle boundary conditions: This is done by using the boundary condition
522:         u(t,boundary) = g(t,boundary)
523:      for some function g. Now take the derivative with respect to t to obtain
524:         u_{t}(t,boundary) = g_{t}(t,boundary)

526:      In our case, u(t,0) = t + 1, so that u_{t}(t,0) = 1
527:              and  u(t,1) = 2t+ 2, so that u_{t}(t,1) = 2
528:   */
529:   MPI_Comm_rank(appctx->comm,&rank);
530:   MPI_Comm_size(appctx->comm,&size);
531:   if (!rank) copyptr[0] = 1.0;
532:   if (rank == size-1) copyptr[localsize-1] = (t < .5) ? 2.0 : 0.0;

534:   /*
535:      Handle the interior nodes where the PDE is replace by finite
536:      difference operators.
537:   */
538:   for (i=1; i<localsize-1; i++) copyptr[i] =  localptr[i] * sc * (localptr[i+1] + localptr[i-1] - 2.0*localptr[i]);

540:   /*
541:      Restore vectors
542:   */
543:   VecRestoreArrayRead(local_in,&localptr);
544:   VecRestoreArray(localwork,&copyptr);

546:   /*
547:      Insert values from the local OUTPUT vector into the global
548:      output vector
549:   */
550:   DMLocalToGlobalBegin(da,localwork,INSERT_VALUES,global_out);
551:   DMLocalToGlobalEnd(da,localwork,INSERT_VALUES,global_out);

553:   /* Print debugging information if desired */
554:   /*  if (appctx->debug) {
555:      PetscPrintf(appctx->comm,"RHS function vector\n");
556:      VecView(global_out,PETSC_VIEWER_STDOUT_WORLD);
557:    } */

559:   return 0;
560: }
561: /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
562: /*
563:    RHSJacobian - User-provided routine to compute the Jacobian of
564:    the nonlinear right-hand-side function of the ODE.

566:    Input Parameters:
567:    ts - the TS context
568:    t - current time
569:    global_in - global input vector
570:    dummy - optional user-defined context, as set by TSetRHSJacobian()

572:    Output Parameters:
573:    AA - Jacobian matrix
574:    BB - optionally different preconditioning matrix
575:    str - flag indicating matrix structure

577:   Notes:
578:   RHSJacobian computes entries for the locally owned part of the Jacobian.
579:    - Currently, all PETSc parallel matrix formats are partitioned by
580:      contiguous chunks of rows across the processors.
581:    - Each processor needs to insert only elements that it owns
582:      locally (but any non-local elements will be sent to the
583:      appropriate processor during matrix assembly).
584:    - Always specify global row and columns of matrix entries when
585:      using MatSetValues().
586:    - Here, we set all entries for a particular row at once.
587:    - Note that MatSetValues() uses 0-based row and column numbers
588:      in Fortran as well as in C.
589: */
590: PetscErrorCode RHSJacobian(TS ts,PetscReal t,Vec global_in,Mat AA,Mat B,void *ctx)
591: {
592:   AppCtx            *appctx  = (AppCtx*)ctx;    /* user-defined application context */
593:   Vec               local_in = appctx->u_local;   /* local ghosted input vector */
594:   DM                da       = appctx->da;        /* distributed array */
595:   PetscScalar       v[3],sc;
596:   const PetscScalar *localptr;
597:   PetscErrorCode    ierr;
598:   PetscInt          i,mstart,mend,mstarts,mends,idx[3],is;

600:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
601:      Get ready for local Jacobian computations
602:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
603:   /*
604:      Scatter ghost points to local vector, using the 2-step process
605:         DMGlobalToLocalBegin(), DMGlobalToLocalEnd().
606:      By placing code between these two statements, computations can be
607:      done while messages are in transition.
608:   */
609:   DMGlobalToLocalBegin(da,global_in,INSERT_VALUES,local_in);
610:   DMGlobalToLocalEnd(da,global_in,INSERT_VALUES,local_in);

612:   /*
613:      Get pointer to vector data
614:   */
615:   VecGetArrayRead(local_in,&localptr);

617:   /*
618:      Get starting and ending locally owned rows of the matrix
619:   */
620:   MatGetOwnershipRange(B,&mstarts,&mends);
621:   mstart = mstarts; mend = mends;

623:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
624:      Compute entries for the locally owned part of the Jacobian.
625:       - Currently, all PETSc parallel matrix formats are partitioned by
626:         contiguous chunks of rows across the processors.
627:       - Each processor needs to insert only elements that it owns
628:         locally (but any non-local elements will be sent to the
629:         appropriate processor during matrix assembly).
630:       - Here, we set all entries for a particular row at once.
631:       - We can set matrix entries either using either
632:         MatSetValuesLocal() or MatSetValues().
633:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

635:   /*
636:      Set matrix rows corresponding to boundary data
637:   */
638:   if (mstart == 0) {
639:     v[0] = 0.0;
640:     MatSetValues(B,1,&mstart,1,&mstart,v,INSERT_VALUES);
641:     mstart++;
642:   }
643:   if (mend == appctx->m) {
644:     mend--;
645:     v[0] = 0.0;
646:     MatSetValues(B,1,&mend,1,&mend,v,INSERT_VALUES);
647:   }

649:   /*
650:      Set matrix rows corresponding to interior data.  We construct the
651:      matrix one row at a time.
652:   */
653:   sc = 1.0/(appctx->h*appctx->h*2.0*(1.0+t)*(1.0+t));
654:   for (i=mstart; i<mend; i++) {
655:     idx[0] = i-1; idx[1] = i; idx[2] = i+1;
656:     is     = i - mstart + 1;
657:     v[0]   = sc*localptr[is];
658:     v[1]   = sc*(localptr[is+1] + localptr[is-1] - 4.0*localptr[is]);
659:     v[2]   = sc*localptr[is];
660:     MatSetValues(B,1,&i,3,idx,v,INSERT_VALUES);
661:   }

663:   /*
664:      Restore vector
665:   */
666:   VecRestoreArrayRead(local_in,&localptr);

668:   /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
669:      Complete the matrix assembly process and set some options
670:      - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */
671:   /*
672:      Assemble matrix, using the 2-step process:
673:        MatAssemblyBegin(), MatAssemblyEnd()
674:      Computations can be done while messages are in transition
675:      by placing code between these two statements.
676:   */
677:   MatAssemblyBegin(B,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);
678:   MatAssemblyEnd(B,MAT_FINAL_ASSEMBLY);

680:   /*
681:      Set and option to indicate that we will never add a new nonzero location
682:      to the matrix. If we do, it will generate an error.
683:   */
684:   MatSetOption(B,MAT_NEW_NONZERO_LOCATION_ERR,PETSC_TRUE);

686:   return 0;
687: }