Actual source code: linesearchbt.c

  1: #include <petsc/private/linesearchimpl.h>
  2: #include <petsc/private/snesimpl.h>

  4: typedef struct {
  5:   PetscReal alpha; /* sufficient decrease parameter */
  6: } SNESLineSearch_BT;

  8: /*@
  9:   SNESLineSearchBTSetAlpha - Sets the descent parameter, `alpha`, in the `SNESLINESEARCHBT` `SNESLineSearch` variant.

 11:   Input Parameters:
 12: + linesearch - linesearch context
 13: - alpha      - The descent parameter

 15:   Level: intermediate

 17: .seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNESLineSearch`, `SNESLineSearchSetLambda()`, `SNESLineSearchGetTolerances()`, `SNESLINESEARCHBT`, `SNESLineSearchBTGetAlpha()`
 18: @*/
 19: PetscErrorCode SNESLineSearchBTSetAlpha(SNESLineSearch linesearch, PetscReal alpha)
 20: {
 21:   SNESLineSearch_BT *bt = (SNESLineSearch_BT *)linesearch->data;

 23:   PetscFunctionBegin;
 25:   bt->alpha = alpha;
 26:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
 27: }

 29: /*@
 30:   SNESLineSearchBTGetAlpha - Gets the descent parameter, `alpha`, in the `SNESLINESEARCHBT` variant that was set with `SNESLineSearchBTSetAlpha()`

 32:   Input Parameter:
 33: . linesearch - linesearch context

 35:   Output Parameter:
 36: . alpha - The descent parameter

 38:   Level: intermediate

 40: .seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNESLineSearch`, `SNESLineSearchGetLambda()`, `SNESLineSearchGetTolerances()`, `SNESLINESEARCHBT`, `SNESLineSearchBTSetAlpha()`
 41: @*/
 42: PetscErrorCode SNESLineSearchBTGetAlpha(SNESLineSearch linesearch, PetscReal *alpha)
 43: {
 44:   SNESLineSearch_BT *bt = (SNESLineSearch_BT *)linesearch->data;

 46:   PetscFunctionBegin;
 48:   *alpha = bt->alpha;
 49:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
 50: }

 52: static PetscErrorCode SNESLineSearchApply_BT(SNESLineSearch linesearch)
 53: {
 54:   PetscBool          changed_y, changed_w;
 55:   Vec                X, F, Y, W, G;
 56:   SNES               snes;
 57:   PetscReal          fnorm, xnorm, ynorm, gnorm;
 58:   PetscReal          lambda, lambdatemp, lambdaprev, minlambda, maxstep, initslope, alpha, stol;
 59:   PetscReal          t1, t2, a, b, d;
 60:   PetscReal          f;
 61:   PetscReal          g, gprev;
 62:   PetscViewer        monitor;
 63:   PetscInt           max_its, count;
 64:   SNESLineSearch_BT *bt = (SNESLineSearch_BT *)linesearch->data;
 65:   Mat                jac;
 66:   const char *const  ordStr[] = {"Linear", "Quadratic", "Cubic"};
 67:   PetscErrorCode (*objective)(SNES, Vec, PetscReal *, void *);

 69:   PetscFunctionBegin;
 70:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchGetVecs(linesearch, &X, &F, &Y, &W, &G));
 71:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchGetNorms(linesearch, NULL, &fnorm, NULL));
 72:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchGetLambda(linesearch, &lambda));
 73:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchGetSNES(linesearch, &snes));
 74:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchGetDefaultMonitor(linesearch, &monitor));
 75:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchGetTolerances(linesearch, &minlambda, &maxstep, NULL, NULL, NULL, &max_its));
 76:   PetscCall(SNESGetTolerances(snes, NULL, NULL, &stol, NULL, NULL));
 77:   PetscCall(SNESGetObjective(snes, &objective, NULL));
 78:   alpha = bt->alpha;

 80:   PetscCall(SNESGetJacobian(snes, &jac, NULL, NULL, NULL));
 81:   PetscCheck(jac || objective, PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)linesearch), PETSC_ERR_USER, "SNESLineSearchBT requires a Jacobian matrix");

 83:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchPreCheck(linesearch, X, Y, &changed_y));
 84:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_SUCCEEDED));

 86:   PetscCall(VecNormBegin(Y, NORM_2, &ynorm));
 87:   PetscCall(VecNormBegin(X, NORM_2, &xnorm));
 88:   PetscCall(VecNormEnd(Y, NORM_2, &ynorm));
 89:   PetscCall(VecNormEnd(X, NORM_2, &xnorm));

 91:   if (ynorm == 0.0) {
 92:     if (monitor) {
 93:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
 94:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: Initial direction and size is 0\n"));
 95:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
 96:     }
 97:     PetscCall(VecCopy(X, W));
 98:     PetscCall(VecCopy(F, G));
 99:     PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetNorms(linesearch, xnorm, fnorm, ynorm));
100:     PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_FAILED_REDUCT));
101:     PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
102:   }
103:   if (ynorm > maxstep) { /* Step too big, so scale back */
104:     if (monitor) {
105:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
106:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: Scaling step by %14.12e old ynorm %14.12e\n", (double)(maxstep / ynorm), (double)ynorm));
107:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
108:     }
109:     PetscCall(VecScale(Y, maxstep / ynorm));
110:     ynorm = maxstep;
111:   }

113:   /* if the SNES has an objective set, use that instead of the function value */
114:   if (objective) {
115:     PetscCall(SNESComputeObjective(snes, X, &f));
116:   } else {
117:     f = 0.5 * PetscSqr(fnorm);
118:   }

120:   /* compute the initial slope */
121:   if (objective) {
122:     /* slope comes from the function (assumed to be the gradient of the objective) */
123:     PetscCall(VecDotRealPart(Y, F, &initslope));
124:   } else {
125:     /* slope comes from the normal equations */
126:     PetscCall(MatMult(jac, Y, W));
127:     PetscCall(VecDotRealPart(F, W, &initslope));
128:     if (initslope > 0.0) initslope = -initslope;
129:     if (initslope == 0.0) initslope = -1.0;
130:   }

132:   while (PETSC_TRUE) {
133:     PetscCall(VecWAXPY(W, -lambda, Y, X));
134:     if (linesearch->ops->viproject) PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->viproject)(snes, W));
135:     if (snes->nfuncs >= snes->max_funcs && snes->max_funcs >= 0) {
136:       PetscCall(PetscInfo(snes, "Exceeded maximum function evaluations, while checking full step length!\n"));
137:       snes->reason = SNES_DIVERGED_FUNCTION_COUNT;
138:       PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_FAILED_FUNCTION));
139:       PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
140:     }

142:     if (objective) {
143:       PetscCall(SNESComputeObjective(snes, W, &g));
144:     } else {
145:       PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->snesfunc)(snes, W, G));
146:       if (linesearch->ops->vinorm) {
147:         gnorm = fnorm;
148:         PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->vinorm)(snes, G, W, &gnorm));
149:       } else {
150:         PetscCall(VecNorm(G, NORM_2, &gnorm));
151:       }
152:       g = 0.5 * PetscSqr(gnorm);
153:     }
154:     PetscCall(SNESLineSearchMonitor(linesearch));

156:     if (!PetscIsInfOrNanReal(g)) break;
157:     if (monitor) {
158:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
159:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: objective function at lambdas = %g is Inf or Nan, cutting lambda\n", (double)lambda));
160:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
161:     }
162:     if (lambda <= minlambda) SNESCheckFunctionNorm(snes, g);
163:     lambda *= .5;
164:   }

166:   if (!objective) PetscCall(PetscInfo(snes, "Initial fnorm %14.12e gnorm %14.12e\n", (double)fnorm, (double)gnorm));
167:   if (g <= f + lambda * alpha * initslope) { /* Sufficient reduction or step tolerance convergence */
168:     if (monitor) {
169:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
170:       if (!objective) {
171:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: Using full step: fnorm %14.12e gnorm %14.12e\n", (double)fnorm, (double)gnorm));
172:       } else {
173:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: Using full step: old obj %14.12e new obj %14.12e\n", (double)f, (double)g));
174:       }
175:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
176:     }
177:   } else {
178:     if (stol * xnorm > ynorm) {
179:       /* Since the full step didn't give sufficient decrease and the step is tiny, exit */
180:       PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetNorms(linesearch, xnorm, fnorm, ynorm));
181:       PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_SUCCEEDED));
182:       if (monitor) {
183:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
184:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: Ended due to ynorm < stol*xnorm (%14.12e < %14.12e).\n", (double)ynorm, (double)(stol * xnorm)));
185:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
186:       }
187:       PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
188:     }
189:     /* Here to avoid -Wmaybe-uninitiliazed warnings */
190:     lambdaprev = lambda;
191:     gprev      = g;
192:     if (linesearch->order != SNES_LINESEARCH_ORDER_LINEAR) {
193:       /* Fit points with quadratic */
194:       lambdatemp = -initslope * PetscSqr(lambda) / (2.0 * (g - f - lambda * initslope));
195:       lambda     = PetscClipInterval(lambdatemp, .1 * lambda, .5 * lambda);

197:       PetscCall(VecWAXPY(W, -lambda, Y, X));
198:       if (linesearch->ops->viproject) PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->viproject)(snes, W));
199:       if (snes->nfuncs >= snes->max_funcs && snes->max_funcs >= 0) {
200:         PetscCall(PetscInfo(snes, "Exceeded maximum function evaluations, while attempting quadratic backtracking! %" PetscInt_FMT " \n", snes->nfuncs));
201:         snes->reason = SNES_DIVERGED_FUNCTION_COUNT;
202:         PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_FAILED_FUNCTION));
203:         PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
204:       }
205:       if (objective) {
206:         PetscCall(SNESComputeObjective(snes, W, &g));
207:       } else {
208:         PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->snesfunc)(snes, W, G));
209:         if (linesearch->ops->vinorm) {
210:           gnorm = fnorm;
211:           PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->vinorm)(snes, G, W, &gnorm));
212:         } else {
213:           PetscCall(VecNorm(G, NORM_2, &gnorm));
214:         }
215:         g = 0.5 * PetscSqr(gnorm);
216:       }
217:       if (PetscIsInfOrNanReal(g)) {
218:         PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_FAILED_NANORINF));
219:         PetscCall(PetscInfo(snes, "Aborted due to Nan or Inf in function evaluation\n"));
220:         PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
221:       }
222:       if (monitor) {
223:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
224:         if (!objective) {
225:           PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: gnorm after quadratic fit %14.12e\n", (double)gnorm));
226:         } else {
227:           PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: obj after quadratic fit %14.12e\n", (double)g));
228:         }
229:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
230:       }
231:     }
232:     if (linesearch->order != SNES_LINESEARCH_ORDER_LINEAR && g <= f + lambda * alpha * initslope) { /* sufficient reduction */
233:       if (monitor) {
234:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
235:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: Quadratically determined step, lambda=%18.16e\n", (double)lambda));
236:         PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
237:       }
238:     } else {
239:       for (count = 0; count < max_its; count++) {
240:         if (lambda <= minlambda) {
241:           if (monitor) {
242:             PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
243:             PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: unable to find good step length! After %" PetscInt_FMT " tries \n", count));
244:             if (!objective) {
245:               PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: fnorm=%18.16e, gnorm=%18.16e, ynorm=%18.16e, minlambda=%18.16e, lambda=%18.16e, initial slope=%18.16e\n", (double)fnorm, (double)gnorm, (double)ynorm, (double)minlambda, (double)lambda, (double)initslope));
246:             } else {
247:               PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: obj(0)=%18.16e, obj=%18.16e, ynorm=%18.16e, minlambda=%18.16e, lambda=%18.16e, initial slope=%18.16e\n", (double)f, (double)g, (double)ynorm, (double)minlambda, (double)lambda, (double)initslope));
248:             }
249:             PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
250:           }
251:           PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_FAILED_REDUCT));
252:           PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
253:         }
254:         if (linesearch->order == SNES_LINESEARCH_ORDER_CUBIC) {
255:           /* Fit points with cubic */
256:           t1 = g - f - lambda * initslope;
257:           t2 = gprev - f - lambdaprev * initslope;
258:           a  = (t1 / (lambda * lambda) - t2 / (lambdaprev * lambdaprev)) / (lambda - lambdaprev);
259:           b  = (-lambdaprev * t1 / (lambda * lambda) + lambda * t2 / (lambdaprev * lambdaprev)) / (lambda - lambdaprev);
260:           d  = b * b - 3 * a * initslope;
261:           if (d < 0.0) d = 0.0;
262:           if (a == 0.0) lambdatemp = -initslope / (2.0 * b);
263:           else lambdatemp = (-b + PetscSqrtReal(d)) / (3.0 * a);
264:         } else if (linesearch->order == SNES_LINESEARCH_ORDER_QUADRATIC) {
265:           lambdatemp = -initslope * PetscSqr(lambda) / (2.0 * (g - f - lambda * initslope));
266:         } else if (linesearch->order == SNES_LINESEARCH_ORDER_LINEAR) { /* Just backtrack */
267:           lambdatemp = .5 * lambda;
268:         } else SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)linesearch), PETSC_ERR_SUP, "Line search order %" PetscInt_FMT " for type bt", linesearch->order);
269:         lambdaprev = lambda;
270:         gprev      = g;

272:         lambda = PetscClipInterval(lambdatemp, .1 * lambda, .5 * lambda);
273:         PetscCall(VecWAXPY(W, -lambda, Y, X));
274:         if (linesearch->ops->viproject) PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->viproject)(snes, W));
275:         if (snes->nfuncs >= snes->max_funcs && snes->max_funcs >= 0) {
276:           PetscCall(PetscInfo(snes, "Exceeded maximum function evaluations, while looking for good step length! %" PetscInt_FMT " \n", count));
277:           if (!objective) PetscCall(PetscInfo(snes, "fnorm=%18.16e, gnorm=%18.16e, ynorm=%18.16e, lambda=%18.16e, initial slope=%18.16e\n", (double)fnorm, (double)gnorm, (double)ynorm, (double)lambda, (double)initslope));
278:           PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_FAILED_FUNCTION));
279:           snes->reason = SNES_DIVERGED_FUNCTION_COUNT;
280:           PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
281:         }
282:         if (objective) {
283:           PetscCall(SNESComputeObjective(snes, W, &g));
284:         } else {
285:           PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->snesfunc)(snes, W, G));
286:           if (linesearch->ops->vinorm) {
287:             gnorm = fnorm;
288:             PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->vinorm)(snes, G, W, &gnorm));
289:           } else {
290:             PetscCall(VecNorm(G, NORM_2, &gnorm));
291:           }
292:           g = 0.5 * PetscSqr(gnorm);
293:         }
294:         if (PetscIsInfOrNanReal(g)) {
295:           PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_FAILED_NANORINF));
296:           PetscCall(PetscInfo(snes, "Aborted due to Nan or Inf in function evaluation\n"));
297:           PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
298:         }
299:         if (g <= f + lambda * alpha * initslope) { /* is reduction enough? */
300:           if (monitor) {
301:             PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
302:             if (!objective) {
303:               PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: %s step, current gnorm %14.12e lambda=%18.16e\n", ordStr[linesearch->order - 1], (double)gnorm, (double)lambda));
304:               PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
305:             } else {
306:               PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: %s step, obj %14.12e lambda=%18.16e\n", ordStr[linesearch->order - 1], (double)g, (double)lambda));
307:               PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
308:             }
309:           }
310:           break;
311:         } else if (monitor) {
312:           PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIAddTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
313:           if (!objective) {
314:             PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: %s step no good, shrinking lambda, current gnorm %12.12e lambda=%18.16e\n", ordStr[linesearch->order - 1], (double)gnorm, (double)lambda));
315:             PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
316:           } else {
317:             PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(monitor, "    Line search: %s step no good, shrinking lambda, obj %12.12e lambda=%18.16e\n", ordStr[linesearch->order - 1], (double)g, (double)lambda));
318:             PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISubtractTab(monitor, ((PetscObject)linesearch)->tablevel));
319:           }
320:         }
321:       }
322:     }
323:   }

325:   /* postcheck */
326:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetLambda(linesearch, lambda));
327:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchPostCheck(linesearch, X, Y, W, &changed_y, &changed_w));
328:   if (changed_y) {
329:     if (!changed_w) PetscCall(VecWAXPY(W, -lambda, Y, X));
330:     if (linesearch->ops->viproject) PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->viproject)(snes, W));
331:   }
332:   if (changed_y || changed_w || objective) { /* recompute the function norm if the step has changed or the objective isn't the norm */
333:     PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->snesfunc)(snes, W, G));
334:     if (linesearch->ops->vinorm) {
335:       gnorm = fnorm;
336:       PetscCall((*linesearch->ops->vinorm)(snes, G, W, &gnorm));
337:     } else {
338:       PetscCall(VecNorm(G, NORM_2, &gnorm));
339:     }
340:     PetscCall(VecNorm(Y, NORM_2, &ynorm));
341:     if (PetscIsInfOrNanReal(gnorm)) {
342:       PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetReason(linesearch, SNES_LINESEARCH_FAILED_NANORINF));
343:       PetscCall(PetscInfo(snes, "Aborted due to Nan or Inf in function evaluation\n"));
344:       PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
345:     }
346:   }

348:   /* copy the solution over */
349:   PetscCall(VecCopy(W, X));
350:   PetscCall(VecCopy(G, F));
351:   PetscCall(VecNorm(X, NORM_2, &xnorm));
352:   PetscCall(SNESLineSearchSetNorms(linesearch, xnorm, gnorm, ynorm));
353:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
354: }

356: static PetscErrorCode SNESLineSearchView_BT(SNESLineSearch linesearch, PetscViewer viewer)
357: {
358:   PetscBool          iascii;
359:   SNESLineSearch_BT *bt = (SNESLineSearch_BT *)linesearch->data;

361:   PetscFunctionBegin;
362:   PetscCall(PetscObjectTypeCompare((PetscObject)viewer, PETSCVIEWERASCII, &iascii));
363:   if (iascii) {
364:     if (linesearch->order == SNES_LINESEARCH_ORDER_CUBIC) {
365:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "  interpolation: cubic\n"));
366:     } else if (linesearch->order == SNES_LINESEARCH_ORDER_QUADRATIC) {
367:       PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "  interpolation: quadratic\n"));
368:     }
369:     PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "  alpha=%e\n", (double)bt->alpha));
370:   }
371:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
372: }

374: static PetscErrorCode SNESLineSearchDestroy_BT(SNESLineSearch linesearch)
375: {
376:   PetscFunctionBegin;
377:   PetscCall(PetscFree(linesearch->data));
378:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
379: }

381: static PetscErrorCode SNESLineSearchSetFromOptions_BT(SNESLineSearch linesearch, PetscOptionItems *PetscOptionsObject)
382: {
383:   SNESLineSearch_BT *bt = (SNESLineSearch_BT *)linesearch->data;

385:   PetscFunctionBegin;
386:   PetscOptionsHeadBegin(PetscOptionsObject, "SNESLineSearch BT options");
387:   PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-snes_linesearch_alpha", "Descent tolerance", "SNESLineSearchBT", bt->alpha, &bt->alpha, NULL));
388:   PetscOptionsHeadEnd();
389:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
390: }

392: /*MC
393:    SNESLINESEARCHBT - Backtracking line search {cite}`dennis:83`.

395:    This line search finds the minimum of a polynomial fitting of the L2 norm of the
396:    function or the objective function if it is provided with `SNESSetObjective()`.
397:    If this fit does not satisfy the conditions for progress, the interval shrinks
398:    and the fit is reattempted at most `max_it` times or until $\lambda$ is below `minlambda`.

400:    Options Database Keys:
401: +  -snes_linesearch_alpha <1e\-4>      - slope descent parameter
402: .  -snes_linesearch_damping <1.0>      - scaling of initial step length on entry to the line search
403: .  -snes_linesearch_maxstep <length>   - if the length the initial step is larger than this then the
404:                                          step is scaled back to be of this length at the beginning of the line search
405: .  -snes_linesearch_max_it <40>        - maximum number of shrinking steps
406: .  -snes_linesearch_minlambda <1e\-12> - minimum step length allowed
407: -  -snes_linesearch_order <1,2,3>      - order of the approximation. With order 1, it performs a simple backtracking without any curve fitting

409:    Level: advanced

411:    Note:
412:    This line search will always produce a step that is less than or equal to, in length, the full step size.

414: .seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNESLineSearch`, `SNESLineSearchType`, `SNESLineSearchCreate()`, `SNESLineSearchSetType()`
415: M*/
416: PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode SNESLineSearchCreate_BT(SNESLineSearch linesearch)
417: {
418:   SNESLineSearch_BT *bt;

420:   PetscFunctionBegin;
421:   linesearch->ops->apply          = SNESLineSearchApply_BT;
422:   linesearch->ops->destroy        = SNESLineSearchDestroy_BT;
423:   linesearch->ops->setfromoptions = SNESLineSearchSetFromOptions_BT;
424:   linesearch->ops->reset          = NULL;
425:   linesearch->ops->view           = SNESLineSearchView_BT;
426:   linesearch->ops->setup          = NULL;

428:   PetscCall(PetscNew(&bt));

430:   linesearch->data    = (void *)bt;
431:   linesearch->max_its = 40;
432:   linesearch->order   = SNES_LINESEARCH_ORDER_CUBIC;
433:   bt->alpha           = 1e-4;
434:   PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
435: }